| Applications Description |
Reference, Standard or Document Source |
| 1. Pipeline Facilities |
|
1.1 Pipeline Compressors
• Centrifugal Compressor-Adiabatic Head
• Centrifugal Compressor-Required Adiabatic Horsepower
• Centrifugal Compressor- Required Polytropic Horsepower
• Centrifugal Compressor-Fan Laws
• Reciprocating Compressor-Cylinder Equivalent Capacity & HP
• Compressor Station Piping-Pipe Diameter
• Compressor Station Piping-Pipe Wall Thickness
• Compressor Station Piping-Gas Velocity
• Local Atmospheric Pressure |
• Engineering Data Book, Volume-I, GPSA, 10th
Edition
• Compressor Station Operation, Book T-2, GEOP,
American Gas Association
• CFR Part 192
• ASME B31.8
• American Gas Association, Report No.3 |
| 1.2 Reinforcement of Welded Branch
Connection |
ASME B31.8 |
| 1.3 Regulator & Station Piping Sizing |
• A.G.A. GEOP Book M-1
• A.G.A Gas Measurement Manual, Part 9 |
| 1.4 Orifice Meter Sizing & Volume Flow Rate Calculations |
AGA-3, Orifice Metering of Natural Gas and Other Related Hydrocarbons |
| 1.5 Relief Valve Sizing |
• ASME - Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII
• API RP 520, Sixth Edition. |
| 1.6 Hot-Tap Sizing |
Williams Gas Pipeline -Procedure |
| 2. Hydraulics |
|
2.1 Gas Pipeline Hydraulics
• Panhandle A & B
• Colebrook-White
• Weymouth
• AGA Fully Turbulent Flow
• IGT Distribution Equation
• Mueller High/Low Pressure
• Pittsburgh
• Spitzglass
|
• IGT Report #10 Project NB-13
• AGA Steady State Flow Computation Manuel For NG Transmission Lines
• Pipeline Design for Hydrocarbons Gases & Liquids, ASCE
• DOT/TSI Gas Distribution Handbook
• Weymouth, T. R., Problems in Natural Gas Engineering
• Turbulent Flow in Pipes with Particular Reference to the Transition Region Between the Smooth and Rough Pipe Laws, Colebrook, C.F. |
| 3. Steel Pipe Design & Stress Analysis |
|
| 3.1 Design Pressure-Steel Pipe |
DOT Part 195 & ASME B31.8 |
| 3.2 Wall Thickness- Straight Steel Pipe |
ASME B31.4 |
| 3.3 Design Pressure-Polyethylene Pipe |
API 15LE |
| 3.4 Wall Thickness - Polyethylene Pipe |
API 15LE |
| 3.5 Flume Design - Rational Method |
ASCE, FHWA |
| 3.6 Buoyancy Analysis & Concrete Coating Requirements |
A.G.A. GEOP Series, Book T-1 |
| 3.7 Pipe Anchor Force Analysis |
• Pipe Line Industry, Wilbur, W.E., February 1963
• Theory of Elasticity, Timoshenko, S. |
| 3.8 Maximum Impact Load &
Penetration Depth |
Guidelines for Design of Buried Steel Pipe – American
Lifelines Alliance |
| 3.9 Internal Pressure - % SMYS |
DOT/TSI Gas Distribution Handbook |
| 3.10 Hoop Stress & Longitudinal Stress |
DOT/TSI Gas Distribution Handbook |
| 3.11 Requirements to Move Unpressured Pipe |
DOT Alert Notice 1/7/1992 |
| 3.12 Bending Stress & Deflection |
DOT/TSI Gas Distribution Handbook |
| 3.13 Maximum Allowable Pipe Span Length |
Williams Gas Pipeline Documentation |
| 3.14 Pipe Requirements for Horizontally Drilled Installation |
DOT/TSI Gas Distribution Handbook |
| 3.15 Linear Thermal Pipeline Expansion |
DOT/TSI Gas Distribution Handbook |
| 3.16 Thrust at Blow-Off |
DOT/TSI Gas Distribution Handbook |
| 3.17 Installment of Pipelines by Horizontal
Directional Drilling |
PRCI Report PR-227-9424 |
| 3.18. Blasting Analysis |
AGA "Pipeline Response to Buried Explosive Detonations |
| 3.19. Longitudinal Stress in Movement of In-Service Pipelines (API 1117) |
API RP 1117 - Movement of In-Service Pipeline, Second Edition, August 1966 |
| 3.20. Gas Pipeline Rupture Analysis - Depth, Radius and Width of Crater |
PRCI Report L51861, Line Rupture and the Spacing of Parallel Lines (Battelle), NEN 3651, NV Gasunie Report TR/T 97.R.2515 |
| 4. Steel Pipeline Crossings |
|
| 4.1 Steel Pipelines Crossing Railroads & Highways |
API RP-1102 |
| 4.2 Wheel Load Analysis |
• ASME B31.8 - 1998 Edition of Pipeline Transportation Systems for Liquid Hydrocarbons and other Liquids, Art. 404.3.1(c)
• Evaluation of Buried Pipe Encroachments, BATTELLE, Petroleum Tech Center, 1983 |
| 4.3 Track Load Analysis |
• ASME B31.8 - 1998 Edition of Pipeline Transportation Systems for Liquid Hydrocarbons and other Liquids, Art. 404.3.1(c)
• Evaluation of Buried Pipe Encroachments, BATTELLE, Petroleum Tech Center, 1983 |
| 4.4 Design of Uncased Crossings |
GPTC Guide for Transmission and Distribution Systems, A.G.A., Appendix G-192-15 |
| 5. External Corrosion Direct Assessment Toolset |
|
| 5.1 Remaining Life of Corroded PL & Re-assessment Interval for ECDA Region |
GTI Report GRI-04/0093.6, NACE RP 0502, ASME B31.4, ASME B31.8, ASME B31.8S |
| 5.2 Potential Impact Radius (PIR) |
Potential Impact Radius Formula for Flammable Gases Other then Natural Gas”, DOT/OPS TTO Number 13 Final Report |
| 5.3 DCVG - % IR Drop |
CATH- TECH, Cathodic Technology Limited |
| 6. Pipeline Testing |
|
| 6.1 Pipeline Hydrostatic Testing |
• DOT/TSI Gas Distribution Handbook
• Pipeline Rules of Thumb Handbook, 3rd Edition |
| 6.2 Alternative Acceptance Standards for Girth Welds |
API RP 1104 Appendix A (Option-2) |
| 6.3 Pipeline Pressure Testing – Maximum Pressure Drop |
DOT/TSI Gas Distribution Handbook |
| 6.4 Pipeline Blowdown – Time & Volume Lost |
DOT/TSI Gas Distribution Handbook |
| 6.5 Purging Calculations |
DOT/TSI Gas Distribution Handbook |
| 6.6 Pack in Pipeline |
DOT/TSI Gas Distribution Handbook$ |
| 6.7 RSTRENG V5 – Evaluating Remaining Strength of Externally Corroded Pipe |
Pipeline Research Council International (PRCI) |
| 7. Pipeline Corrosion |
|
| 7.1 Evaluation of MAOP in Corroded Areas |
ASME B31G |
| 7.2 Maximum Allowable Longitudinal Extent of Corrosion |
ASME B31G |
| 7.3 Rate of Electrical Current Flow Through the Corrosion Cell |
DOT/TSI Gas Distribution Handbook |
| 7.4 Relationship between Resistance & Resistivity |
DOT/TSI Gas Distribution Handbook |
| 7.5 Electrolyte Resistance from Surface of an Electrode to any Distance |
DOT/TSI Gas Distribution Handbook |
| 7.6 Corrosion Current Ohm’s Law |
DOT/TSI Gas Distribution Handbook |
| 7.7 Electrical Resistance of a Conductor |
DOT/TSI Gas Distribution Handbook |
| 8. Cathodic Protection |
|
| 8.1 Estimated Weight of a Magnesium Anode |
DOT/TSI Gas Distribution Handbook |
| 8.2 Resistance to Earth of an Impressed Anode Ground Bed |
DOT/TSI Gas Distribution Handbook |
| 8.3 Rudenberg’s Formula for the Placement of an Anode Ground Bed |
National Association of Corrosion Engineers, Control of Pipeline Corrosion |
| 8.4 Resistance to Earth of a Single Vertical Anode |
National Association of Corrosion Engineers, Control of Pipeline Corrosion |
| 8.5 Resistance to Earth of Multiple Vertical Anodes |
National Association of Corrosion Engineers, Control of Pipeline Corrosion |
| 8.6 Resistance to Earth of a Single Horizontal Anode |
National Association of Corrosion Engineers, Control of Pipeline Corrosion |
| 8.7 Requiredd Number of Anodes & the Total Current Requirement |
National Association of Corrosion Engineers, Control of Pipeline Corrosion |
| 8.8 Power Consumption of a Cathodic Protection Rectifier |
National Association of Corrosion Engineers, Control of Pipeline Corrosion |
| 8.9 Cathodic Protection Attenuation Calculation |
ISO 15589 – Cathodic Protection Pipeline Transportation Systems |
| 9. Polyethylene (PE) Pipe Design & Stress Analysis |
|
| 9.1.Distributed Static Surcharge Load on Buried PE Pipe |
1. Soil Engineering, Spangler, M.G. and Handy, R.L.
2. Structural Mechanics of Buried Pipes, Watkins, R.K, and Loren, R, A,
3. Polyethylene Pipe Handbook: Design of PE Piping Systems, Plastic Pipe Institute, Inc. |
9.2 Surcharge Live Load on Buried PE
Pipe & Pipeline Crossings |
|
| 9.2.1. Aircraft Load on Buried PE Pipe |
1. Soil Engineering, Spangler, M.G. and Handy, R.L.
2. Structural Mechanics of Buried Pipes, Watkins, R.K, and Loren, R, A,
3. Polyethylene Pipe Handbook: Design of PE Piping |
9.2.2 AASHTO Std H20 Vehicular Loading
for Paved & Flexible/Unpaved Surfaces
9.2.3 Off Road Crossing-Concentrated Point Load Single Wheel
9.2.4 Off Road Crossing-Concentrated Point Load Multiple Wheel
9.2.5 Off Road Crossing- Concentrated Point Load Not over Buried PE Pipe
9.2.6 Off Road Crossing-Unpaved Road Only (Timoshenko Equation)
9.2.7 Cooper E-80 Railroad Load on Buried PE Pipe
|
1. Soil Engineering, Spangler, .G. and Handy, R.L.
2. Structural Mechanics of Buried Pipes, Watkins, R.K,
and Loren, R, A,
3. Polyethylene Pipe Handbook: Design of PE Piping
Systems, Plastic Pipe Institute, Inc.
4. Modulus of Soil Reaction for Buried Flexible Pipe,
ASCE Geotechnical Journal Vol. 103, Howard, A.K.
5. Evaluation of Modulus of Soil Reaction E’ and Its
Variation with Depth, Report No.UCB/GT/82-02,
Duncan,JM/Hartley,JD, Univ. of Calif, Berkeley |
| 9.3 Installation of Polyethylene Pipelines by Horizontal Directional Drilling(HDD) |
|
| 9.3.1.PE Pipe – Pull Force & Installation
Stress Analysis |
ASTM F 1962 - 05 |
| 9.3.2.HDD PE Pipe - ATL Allowable Tensile
Load During Pull-In Installation |
ASTM F 1962 - 05 and ASTM F 1804 - 08 |
| 9.3.3. PE Pipe - Post-Installation Stress Analysis |
ASTM F 1962 - 05 |
| 10. Databases |
|
| 10.1 Database of Physical Properties Of Fluids |
British Gas - GasVLE |
| 10.2 Pipe Database for Steel, Polyethylene & Custom Pipe |
• Spec. for Line Pipe, API 5L
• Std Steel Pipe, ASTM B36.10
• Spec. for Polyethylene Line Pipe, API 15LE |
| 11. Gas Properties Calculations |
|
| 11.1 Gas Mixture Properties |
AGA8 & API MPMS Ch. 14.5 |
| 11.2 Local Atmospheric Pressure |
AGA Part 3 |
| 12. Utilities |
|
| 12.1 Gas Mixture Properties |
GPA Standard 2172, AGA Report No. 8,API MPMS 14.2 |
| 12.2 Physical Properties of Fluids |
Various |
| 12.3 Document Management Module |
Application developed by TTI |
| 12.4 Applications Integration Module |
Application developed by TTI |
| 12.5 Units Conversion Module |
• Intern’l System of Units (SI)
• ASTM Metric Guide E380-72E
• ANSI Standard Z201.1 |
| 13. Standards/Regulations/Forms |
|
| 13.1 Pipeline Safety Laws |
US Department of Transportation |
| 13.2 DOT Regulations |
US Department of Transportation 49 CFR - Parts 190-195 |
| 13.3 DOT Forms & Instructions for Reporting |
US Department of Transportation 49 CFR - Parts 190-195 |
| 13.4 Canadian Pipeline Standards |
Internet Link provided to CSA website |
